Water quality and quantity analysis in Sikkim, North Eastern Himalaya

Abstract

Sikkim is known for its substantial water resources. However, due to rapid growth in population and industry, water scarcity is increasing day by day adding stress on these resources, both quantitatively and qualitatively. A comparative field study performed during January 2011, of available water in Namchi, Gangtok and Singtam areas of Sikkim is presented here. The study illustrates the quality and quantity of water, and their time-dependent variations during the year. Data on pH and coliform were used to assess quality, whereas questionnaire modules were used to find out the abundance of water for domestic use on various scales. The findings regarding water management on the local scale reveal the degree of awareness and the measures taken for water conservation, health and safety. The survey also focuses on the large number of hydel power projects commissioned in the state.